Testes para identificar vazamento de água
Riselda Morais
Vazamento de água eleva a conta e traz riscos para a estrutura da residência
Com a tarifa de água mais alta e a crise hídrica, evitar vazamento e economizar água são as principais preocupações do consumidor.
Logo, para evitar desperdício de água e descobrir se tem vazamento fazer alguns testes é uma necessidade. No entanto, poucas pessoas sabem reconhecer os sinais de vazamento ou infiltrações de água em casa.
Entre os sinais facilmente identificáveis estão manchas nas paredes ou no teto e presença de mofo. Mas, quando se trata de problemas ocultos no sistema hidráulico, se faz necessário mais conhecimentos e alguns truques.
O vazamento de água, além de encarecer a conta, desperdiçar água, destruir móveis e equipamentos, pode ainda, provocar problemas estruturais nas paredes que, em alguns casos, chegam a ceder.
A recomendação dos profissionais da área é que se realize uma vistoria, pelo menos, a cada dez anos. No entanto, estar alerta neste interim, é importante.
Testes simples para detectar vazamento
De acordo com a Sabesp, um pequeno buraco de 2 milímetros no encanamento, desperdiça em um dia, 3,2 mil litros de água.
Torneira
Torneira pingando é, acima de tudo, um grande desperdício que faz o relógio girar constantemente e a conta de água aumentar muito. No entanto, tem fácil solução.
Para solucionar o vazamento de torneira, ou… torneira pingando quando fechada basta trocar o “courinho vedante” da torneira, a popular “borrachinha”.
Para evitar desperdício de água e de dinheiro é importante verificar o encanamento e fazer testes.
Uma torneira gotejando desperdiça:
- 46 litros de água por dia.
- Mais de 1.000 litros de água por mês.
- 300 litros por mês se o gotejamento for lento.
- 600 litros por mês se o gotejamento for médio.
- 960 litros por mês se o gotejamento for rápido.
- Se estiver escorrendo um filete de mais ou menos 2 mm de água desperdiça 4.130 litros por mês.
- Mas se o filete for de aproximadamente 4 milímetros por mês o desperdício é de 13.260 litros por mês.
Hidrômetro – Relógio de água
Antes de tudo, feche todas as torneiras, desligue os aparelhos que usam água como o filtro de água, por exemplo.
Não dê descarga no vaso sanitário.
Vá até o Hidrômetro e observe se o ponteiro está parado ou continua girando.
Se o ponteiro estiver parado significa que não há vazamento. Mas se estiver girando significa que existe algum vazamento importante.
Anote o número que aparece em vermelho. Se preferir, anote também a posição em que se encontra o ponteiro maior do relógio.
Aguarde por uma hora e volte a observar o hidrômetro, verifique portanto, se o número mudou ou o ponteiro se movimentou.
No entanto, se aconteceu uma das duas ações… chame um encanador.
Canos alimentados diretamente com água da rua
Feche o registro da rede de água da parede.
Em seguida, abra uma torneira que tem a água que vem direto da rua (não pode ser de água da caixa) e deixe derramar toda a água que está no cano. Neste ínterim, aproveite para encher um copo com a água que está derramando e reserve.
Quando a água parar de sair, mantenha a torneira aberta e coloque o copo cheio d’água na boca da torneira.
Se houver sucção da água do copo pela torneira significa que há vazamento no cano de água das torneiras alimentadas com água da rua. Geralmente são torneiras da área de serviço como a do tanque, da garagem ou do jardim.
Torneiras alimentadas pela água da caixa
Antes de tudo feche todas as torneiras, não use o vaso sanitário (não dê descarga). Feche bem torneira da boia da caixa d’água impedindo a entrada de água.
Logo depois marque na própria caixa o nível da água. Aguarde por uma hora e verifique se o nível da água baixou.
Se houver diferença no nível da água, significa que tem vazamento na canalização ou nos vasos sanitários.
Vasos sanitários
Vaso sanitário convencional
Apenas jogue borra de café no vaso sanitário e observe.
Se a borra ficar depositada no fundo do vaso, significa que não há vazamento.
No entanto, se a borra subir significa vazamento na caixa de descarga ou na válvula.
Vaso sanitário com saída da descarga para trás (parede)
Porém, se a bacia for do tipo que a saída da descarga for para a parede o teste anterior não serve, no entanto, também é possível detectar vazamentos.
Como?
Simplesmente esgote toda a água e aguarde. Se a bacia voltar a acumular água significa que há vazamento na válvula ou na caixa de descarga.
Tubulação embutida na parede
Para verificar vazamentos na tubulação embutida na parede é necessário, acima de tudo, saber por onde passam os canos.
Mas se você sabe por onde passa o encanamento, simplesmente faça o teste da batida.
Agora bata levemente em toda a extensão do encanamento, por fim, ouça atentamente, do mesmo modo, observe se o som é diferente em alguma parte. Afinal os ruídos anormais apontam onde está o vazamento.
Mas também são sinais de vazamento no encanamento embutido:
- Manchas com mofo
- Umidade
- Mudança da coloração do revestimento
- Desprendimento do revestimento
- Pedaços da pintura caindo.
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