Falta de medicamentos no Brasil ameaça vida de pacientes de Hipertensão Pulmonar
O medicamento sildenafila está em falta em diversas cidades do país, o que coloca em risco a vida de pessoas que vivem com Hipertensão Pulmonar
Pacientes de todo o país vêm sofrendo com a falta de medicamentos para tratar a Hipertensão Arterial Pulmonar (HAP), uma doença rara, grave e progressiva. Um dos medicamentos usados no tratamento da doença é a sildenafila, cuja compra e distribuição é de responsabilidade do Ministério da Saúde.
A HAP não tem cura, mas os medicamentos aumentam a sobrevida dos pacientes, e são de extrema importância para o tratamento, principalmente porque ajudam a controlar os sintomas, como falta de ar, fadiga, tontura e episódios de desmaio, que afetam diretamente a qualidade de vida e o dia a dia das pessoas.
A ABRAF (Associação Brasileira de Apoio à Família com Hipertensão Pulmonar e Doenças Correlatas) registrou reclamação na ouvidoria do SUS e solicitou informação sobre a compra da medicação via Lei de Acesso à Informação Pública no Ministério da Saúde. Além disso, a organização apresentou uma denúncia ao Ministério Público Federal.
Flávia Lima, presidente da ABRAF, afirma que não é a primeira vez este ano que há interrupção do fornecimento de sildenafila, utilizado como primeira linha de tratamento. “O desabastecimento de medicamentos para a hipertensão pulmonar tem sido constante, infelizmente. A hipertensão pulmonar é uma doença progressiva e potencialmente fatal e a interrupção do tratamento coloca a vida dos pacientes em risco”, afirma.
Segundo estudo “Vivendo com hipertensão pulmonar: a perspectiva dos pacientes”, realizado pela ABRAF em 2019, uma das principais preocupações dos pacientes está relacionada ao acesso à medicação. Eles relatam situações de muita burocracia, de falta de informação dentro da rede de saúde, de longo tempo de espera para começar o tratamento. E quando começam o tratamento, constantemente os medicamentos estão em falta. Para 50% dos entrevistados na pesquisa, o problema que mais os preocupa é a falta de medicação.
Aline Câmara mora em Campinas e faz tratamento para HAP desde 2011. Ela é acompanhada pelos médicos da Santa Casa da Misericórdia, em São Paulo. “Nesses 10 anos de tratamento, foram poucas às vezes em que fiquei sem remédio, porém isso tem se tornado um problema constante nos últimos anos”. Segundo ela, desde agosto a sildenafila está em falta na farmácia de Alto Custo de Campinas. “É um remédio essencial para meu tratamento e para o controle da doença, por isso é gravíssimo o atraso na compra desse medicamento. É dever do Ministério da Saúde garantir que os pacientes com doenças raras e graves tenham acesso ao tratamento, sem atrasos ou faltas, mas fica claro o descaso do Ministério com a vida dessa parte significativa da população. Eu, como todos pacientes com HAP, precisamos que a distribuição da sildenafila seja normalizada urgentemente, pois a falta desse remédio pode custar a nossa vida”.
A sildenafila é um medicamento de alto custo, fornecido pelo Sistema Único de Saúde (SUS). São Paulo, Paraíba e Ceará foram as regiões mais afetadas até o momento.
A Hipertensão Pulmonar
A HP é um termo abrangente e inclusivo para um grupo de várias doenças crônicas que afetam os pulmões e o coração. Somente no Brasil, estima-se que cerca de 2 milhões de pessoas convivam com a doença. Algumas formas ou “subtipos” da HP são raras, bem como de desenvolvimento rápido, debilitantes e fatais. Inclusive, a taxa de mortalidade de pacientes com a doença é elevada, chegando a um percentual de 43% depois de cinco anos.
Na HP, as artérias que levam o sangue do coração aos pulmões estreitam por razões que ainda não são totalmente compreendidas. O coração luta para bombear sangue através das artérias reduzidas, resultando em pressão arterial alta nos pulmões e dilatação do coração. Com o tempo, o coração sobrecarregado de trabalho se desgasta, podendo causar insuficiência cardíaca e morte.
Embora seja mais comum em jovens adultos e em mulheres, a doença também afeta pessoas de diferentes idades. Os sintomas da Hipertensão Pulmonar, que podem incluir falta de ar, fadiga, tontura e episódios de desmaio, variam de paciente para paciente e, normalmente, não ocorrem até a doença ter progredido, o que atrasa o tratamento. Como esses sintomas também são comuns em outras enfermidades, como asma, bronquite ou insuficiência cardíaca, o diagnóstico da HP ainda é difícil de ser reconhecido.
No Brasil, a ABRAF é a Associação que luta por melhores condições para os pacientes, promovendo diversas ações e eventos para chamar a atenção da sociedade e dos governantes para a causa. “A Hipertensão Pulmonar é uma doença bastante grave, mas ainda pouco conhecida pela população. Nosso objetivo é conscientizar as pessoas e ajudar os pacientes, colocando a doença em evidência, a fim, também, de pressionar o governo a proporcionar um cenário mais digno para quem luta contra a HP no Brasil”, explica Paula Menezes, presidente da ABRAF.
A doença, mesmo sem cura, não tira o direito dos pacientes de viverem melhor, aprendendo a conviver com a patologia e controlando seus sintomas. Por isso mesmo, o uso dos medicamentos é necessário e importantíssimo para garantir uma qualidade de vida melhor.
Sobre a ABRAF
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